Match each malaria-control intervention with its primary mechanism or application:
1. Long-lasting insecticidal nets (LLINs)
2. Intermittent preventive treatment in pregnancy (IPTp)
3. Indoor residual spraying (IRS)
4. Environmental management
A. Applying insecticide to interior wall surfaces where adult vectors rest
B. Draining, altering, or clearing standing water to reduce vector breeding sites
C. Providing a physical barrier combined with insecticide to prevent nocturnal vector contact
D. Providing periodic antimalarial doses during routine antenatal care to clear and prevent parasitemia
Answer
1-C, 2-D, 3-A, 4-B
Explanation
These measures work through different pathways: reducing mosquito contact, clearing or suppressing parasitaemia, and controlling vector breeding or presence. **Key takeaway:** Prevention is strongest when interventions address both parasite infection and mosquito exposure.\n\n**Glossary:** **LLIN**: long-lasting insecticidal net; **vector**: an organism that transmits an infectious agent.