Paedadvanced
Explain the therapeutic mechanism of human tetanus immunoglobulin (HTIG) in the management of tetanus, and state the key limitation regarding its effect on tetanospasmin.
Answer
Human tetanus immunoglobulin (HTIG) neutralizes circulating (unbound) tetanospasmin to prevent further uptake into the nervous system, but it cannot displace or neutralize toxin that has already bound to neuronal receptors.
Explanation
A complete response should include the distinct roles of antitoxin, antibiotics, debridement, spasm control, autonomic management, supportive care, complication treatment, and immunization. Naming a single drug is not sufficient because the source emphasizes multiple principles. **Key takeaway:** Tetanus care combines toxin management, source control, symptom control, supportive care, and prevention.\n\n**Glossary:** **Antimicrobial**: an agent that acts against microorganisms; **supportive care**: care that maintains essential needs and function.
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