Pediatricsintermediate
Arrange the clinical screening protocol (ECG and echocardiography) for first-degree relatives of a patient with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) in order from the youngest to the oldest age group.
Answer
Screen every few years (children under 12 years of age), Screen annually (adolescents and young adults aged 12 to 18–21 years), Screen approximately every 5 years (adults beyond age 18–21)
Explanation
For a positive family history, the slides describe screening with **ECG and echocardiography** every few years in children under 12, annually from 12 to 18–21 years, and then every five years. The period from adolescence into early adulthood is identified as a time of greatest risk of diagnosis. **Key takeaway:** Screening frequency increases during adolescence in the schedule presented.\n\n**Glossary:** **Familial screening**: Assessment of relatives because of a family history of disease.
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