Pediatricsintermediate

Which findings may occur with severe mitral stenosis? Select ALL that apply.

Answer

Dyspnea and orthopnea, Left atrial enlargement, Pulmonary hypertension, Atrial fibrillation

Explanation

Mitral stenosis obstructs left atrial outflow, raising left atrial pressure and potentially causing enlargement, pulmonary hypertension, dyspnea, orthopnea, and atrial fibrillation. **Key takeaway:** Obstruction at the mitral valve produces upstream pressure effects. **Glossary:** Orthopnea: breathlessness when lying flat.

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