The chapter quotes Jesus’ words to Nicodemus, “Ye must be **born again**,” and interprets them as referring to the rebirth of the human spirit. Nicodemus initially understands the phrase in physical terms, but Jesus’ explanation distinguishes birth of the flesh from birth of the spirit.\n\n**Key takeaway:** “Born again” refers in this chapter to spiritual rebirth, not another physical birth.\n\n**Glossary:**\n- **Born again**: The chapter’s phrase for the New Birth of the human spirit.