Fundamentals of InfoSecintermediate
Select ALL impacts that are explicitly identified as attack categories in the material.
Answer
Spoofing, Tampering, Repudiation, Elevation of privilege
Explanation
### Why this is right
- **Spoofing** is posing as another person or program by falsifying data.
- **Tampering** is unauthorized alteration of a protected object.
- **Repudiation** is denying participation in an action.
- **Elevation of privilege** is gaining permissions beyond those initially granted.
### The concept
Attack impact describes what an attacker seeks to achieve or the effect on a victim. Information disclosure and denial of service are also listed categories. Compression is a data-processing operation, not an attack impact in this taxonomy.
### The other options
- **Data compression**: reduces data size; it is not one of the listed attack impacts.
### Terms
- **Spoofing**: falsifying data to impersonate another identity.
- **Tampering**: unauthorized alteration.
- **Repudiation**: denial of participation.
- **Elevation of privilege**: gaining unauthorized permissions.
### Remember
Attack-impact labels describe the harmful outcome or objective, not ordinary computing operations.
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