Match each clinical condition causing antepartum or intrapartum bleeding with its appropriate management strategy: Conditions: 1. Cervical or vaginal infection 2. Vaginal trauma 3. Antenatally diagnosed vasa praevia 4. Vasa praevia diagnosed at membrane rupture Management Strategies: A. Antibiotic therapy B. Surgical repair C. Elective caesarean delivery at 35 weeks D. Emergency caesarean section

The lecture provides cause-specific management: cervical or vaginal infection is treated with **antibiotics**, while vaginal trauma requires **surgical repair**. For vasa praevia, antenatal diagnosis allows planned caesarean delivery at 35 weeks; diagnosis at membrane rupture calls for emergency caesarean because of the high fetal mortality described.\n\n**Key takeaway:** Management is tailored to the cause and timing of APH.\n\n**Glossary:** **Vasa praevia**: Fetal vessels at risk of rupture over the cervical opening; **surgical repair**: Operative closure or correction of an injury.