Match each networking mechanism or device with its role. Address Resolution Protocol (ARP) and Neighbor Discovery (ND) are written out in full where they first appear.

### The pairs | Item | Matches | Why | |---|---|---| | Layer 2 switch | Forwards local Ethernet frames using destination Media Access Control (MAC) addresses | A Layer 2 switch makes local forwarding decisions from destination MAC addresses and its MAC table. | | Layer 3 switch | Can route between networks and can provide virtual interfaces that act as gateways | A Layer 3 switch adds routing functions and can provide logical gateway interfaces for connected networks. | | Address Resolution Protocol (ARP) | Finds the MAC address associated with an Internet Protocol version 4 (IPv4) address | ARP lets an IPv4 host discover the local MAC address needed to deliver a frame. | | Neighbor Discovery (ND) | IPv6 mechanism that uses multicast for neighbor-address resolution | IPv6 hosts use Neighbor Discovery messages sent through multicast groups to resolve neighbors. | | Virtual local area network (VLAN) | Separates switch ports into distinct broadcast domains | A VLAN limits which switch ports receive a broadcast frame. | ### Terms - **MAC**: Media Access Control. The address used for delivery over a local link. - **ARP**: Address Resolution Protocol. It resolves an IPv4 address to a local MAC address. - **IPv4**: Internet Protocol version 4. The Internet Protocol version that uses 32-bit addresses. - **ND**: Neighbor Discovery. IPv6 functions for discovering and resolving local neighbors. - **IPv6**: Internet Protocol version 6. The Internet Protocol version that uses 128-bit addresses. - **VLAN**: Virtual Local Area Network. A logical division of switch ports into a separate broadcast domain. - **Multicast**: Delivery to a group of interested receivers. - **Broadcast domain**: The set of devices that receive a particular Layer 2 broadcast. - **Ethernet frame**: A data unit sent over an Ethernet link. - **Virtual interface**: A logical interface that can provide a network function such as a gateway. ### Remember ARP resolves IPv4 neighbors, Neighbor Discovery handles IPv6 neighbors, and VLANs separate broadcast groups.