Under the law of evidence, what formal alternative to an oath is available to a witness who objects to swearing an oath on religious grounds?

The material recognizes affirmation as an alternative in the circumstances described, including when an oath conflicts with religious belief. It does not make the witness’s evidence automatically unsworn; rather, affirmation supplies a formal alternative to an oath. **Key takeaway:** A religious objection to an oath may be addressed through affirmation. **Glossary:** Oath: a formal solemn undertaking associated with religious or other prescribed forms. Affirmation: a formal solemn promise used instead of an oath.