A host at `172.16.10.3` sends data to `172.16.20.111`. Arrange the packet's path and processing steps in order. The local Ethernet destination is the Media Access Control (MAC) address for the router.

### Why this is right The sender first uses its address and subnet mask to classify the destination as remote. It then addresses the local frame to the default gateway while preserving the remote destination IP. The switch uses the local Ethernet destination to deliver the frame to the router, which uses the destination IP to route the packet. ### The order 1. **The sender identifies that the destination is outside its local subnet.** The host must determine whether the destination is local before deciding to use a gateway. 2. **The sender sends the frame to the default gateway while keeping `172.16.20.111` as the destination IP address.** The router is the next local hop, but the remote host remains the packet's IP destination. 3. **The switch delivers the frame to the router using the router's MAC address.** A switch forwards locally based on the frame's destination MAC address. 4. **The router examines the destination IP address and forwards the packet toward the remote subnet.** Routing uses the network-layer destination to choose where to send the packet next. ### Terms - **Default gateway**: The router a host uses for traffic leaving its subnet. - **MAC**: Media Access Control. The link-layer address used to deliver frames on a local network. - **IP**: Internet Protocol. The logical addressing system used to forward packets between networks. - **Switch**: A device that forwards local network frames using link-layer addresses. - **Router**: A device that forwards packets between IP subnets. ### Remember The switch handles the local frame delivery first; the router then makes the inter-subnet forwarding decision.