OBSintermediate
Match each fetal wellbeing assessment tool with its primary clinical description: Tools: A. Cardiotocography (CTG) B. Amniotic fluid index (AFI) C. Biophysical profile (BPP) D. Umbilical artery Doppler Descriptions: 1. Quantitative ultrasound assessment of amniotic fluid volume across four quadrants 2. Evaluation of fetoplacental vascular resistance and blood-flow velocity patterns 3. Composite score combining real-time ultrasound markers and fetal heart rate reactivity 4. Simultaneous recording of fetal heart rate patterns and uterine contractions
Answer
A-4, B-1, C-3, D-2
Explanation
The material lists CTG, amniotic fluid index, biophysical profile, and umbilical artery Doppler waveform analyses among the ways to assess fetal wellbeing. These measures contribute to deciding whether induction is appropriate and to planning fetal monitoring.
**Key takeaway:** Fetal wellbeing assessment may use several complementary tools.
**Glossary:** **AFI**: amniotic fluid index. **BPP**: biophysical profile. **Doppler waveform**: a representation of blood-flow velocity patterns.
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