Pediatricsintermediate
Which features are described in constrictive pericarditis? Select ALL correct answers.
Answer
Jugular venous distension, Hepatic congestion, Ascites, Peripheral oedema, A pericardial knock in early diastole
Explanation
The material describes **jugular venous distension**, hepatic congestion, ascites, and peripheral oedema as consequences of raised systemic venous pressure. It also identifies the early-diastolic pericardial knock as a classic auscultatory finding. Persistently loud heart sounds are not identified as a defining feature; indeed, muffled sounds are discussed in relation to large effusions and tamponade. **Key takeaway:** Constriction commonly combines systemic venous congestion with a characteristic early-diastolic knock. **Glossary:** **Peripheral oedema**: excess fluid in tissues, often causing limb swelling. **Pericardial knock**: an early-diastolic sound associated with abrupt termination of rapid filling.
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