Match each neural structure or synaptic mechanism with its primary role in learning and memory: Items: 1. Hippocampus 2. Cerebellum 3. Long-term potentiation (LTP) 4. Long-term depression (LTD) Roles: A. Persistent increase in synaptic strength following high-frequency stimulation B. Formation and consolidation of new explicit (declarative) memories C. Activity-dependent, persistent decrease in synaptic efficacy D. Motor learning and classical conditioning of motor reflexes

### The pairs | Item | Matches | Why | |---|---|---| | Hippocampus | Formation of new explicit memories | The hippocampus is associated with forming new memories that can be consciously recalled. | | Cerebellum | Motor learning and conditioned responses | The cerebellum contributes to learning movements and conditioned responses. | | Long-term potentiation (LTP) | Lasting increase in synaptic strength | Potentiation names a lasting strengthening of synaptic communication. | | Long-term depression (LTD) | Lasting decrease in synaptic strength | Depression names a lasting weakening of synaptic communication. | ### Terms - **Explicit memory**: Memory that can be consciously recalled. - **LTP**: Long-term potentiation, a lasting increase in synaptic strength. - **LTD**: Long-term depression, a lasting decrease in synaptic strength. ### Remember Match brain regions to learning functions and plasticity terms to the direction of synaptic change.