EASA NAV(A)basic
What is the basic position-finding method used by a Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) receiver, as described in the material?
Answer
Trilateration using measured distances to satellites
Explanation
### Why this is right
The material describes GNSS position determination as trilateration: the receiver measures distances to satellites and uses those distances to determine its position. Each measured distance constrains the possible locations of the aircraft.
### The concept
A satellite signal allows the receiver to estimate the distance between itself and that satellite. Combining measurements from multiple satellites narrows the possible position. The receiver then expresses its position as geographic coordinates and can show it on a map. GNSS differs from inertial navigation, which estimates movement from onboard sensors, and from conventional radio navigation, which depends on ground-based aids.
### The other options
- **B. Pilotage using visible landmarks only**: this uses recognizable ground features, not satellite-distance measurements.
- **C. Timing aircraft turns from a known heading**: this is not the satellite-distance method described for GNSS.
- **D. Following a ground radio route without measuring position**: this describes neither GNSS trilateration nor its position calculation.
### Terms
- **Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS)**: a satellite-based system used to determine position and support navigation.
- **Trilateration**: determining position from measured distances to known points.
- **Geographic coordinates**: latitude and longitude values used to specify a position on Earth.
### Remember
GNSS locates the aircraft by combining measured distances to satellites.
Related Questions
- Arrange the described GNSS position process in order: receive satellite signals; measure distances to satellites; combine the distance measurements by trilateration; determine geographic coordinates and show the aircraft on the device map.(intermediate)
- Select ALL items that the provided material identifies as factors to consider when choosing a route: weather, airspace structure, aircraft performance, terrain and obstacles, applicable regulations, and aircraft paint colour.(intermediate)
- Visual Flight Rules (VFR) navigation relies on visual references, so it depends on visibility adequate for the pilot to identify those references.(basic)
- The navigation method that uses visible landmarks such as rivers, towns, and highways is called _____.(basic)
- The navigation method of estimating an aircraft's current position by advancing a known position using course, speed, and elapsed time is called _____ reckoning.(basic)
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